Dzidza nezveBismuth

Bismuth isirivha chena kusvika kupingi simbi ine brittle uye iri nyore kupwanya. Zvimiro zvayo zvemakemikari zvinenge zvakagadzikana. Bismuth iripo mune zvakasikwa muchimiro chesimbi yemahara nemaminerari.
1. [Zvakasikwa]
Bismuth yakachena isimbi yakapfava, nepo bismuth isina kuchena ine brittle. Yakagadzikana pakudziya kwekamuri. Ores yayo huru ndeye bismuthinite (Bi2S5) uye bismuth ocher (Bi2o5). Liquid bismuth inowedzera kana yasimbiswa.
Iyo ine brittle uye haina magetsi uye inopisa conductivity. Bismuth selenide uye telluride vane semiconductor zvivakwa.
Bismuth simbi ichena chena (pink) kuvhenekera yellow luster simbi, brittle uye nyore kupwanya; patembiricha yekamuri, bismuth haibati neokisijeni kana mvura uye inogadzikana mumhepo. Iine urombo husina kunaka hwemagetsi uye hwekupisa; bismuth yaimboonekwa sechinhu chakanyanya kugadzikana chine huremu hwakakura hweatomu, asi muna 2003, zvakaonekwa kuti bismuth haina mwaranzi ine mwaranzi uye inogona kuwora kuita thallium-205 kuburikidza ne α kuora. Hafu yehupenyu hwayo inenge 1.9X10 ^ 19 makore, iyo inosvika bhiriyoni imwe nguva yehupenyu hwepasi rose.
2. Kushandisa
semiconductor
Semiconductor components zvakaitwa nekubatanidza high-purity bismuth ne tellurium, selenium, antimony, etc. uye kudhonza makristasi anoshandiswa kune thermocouples, yakadzika-temperature thermoelectric power generation uye thermorefrigeration. Izvo zvinoshandiswa kuunganidza air conditioners uye firiji. Artificial bismuth sulfide inogona kushandiswa kugadzira mafotoresistors mumidziyo yephotoelectric kuwedzera kunzwisiswa munharaunda inooneka.
Indasitiri yeNyukireya
Yakakwira-kuchena bismuth inoshandiswa sechinhu chinotakura kupisa kana chinotonhodza muindasitiri yenyukireya mareactor uye sechinhu chekuchengetedza atomic fission zvishandiso.
Electronic Ceramics
Bismuth-ine magetsi ceramics akadai sebismuth germanate crystals rudzi rutsva rwemakristasi anopenya anoshandiswa mukugadzira ma detectors emagetsi enyukireya, X-ray tomography scanners , electro-optics, piezoelectric lasers nemimwe midziyo; bismuth calcium vanadium (pomegranate ferrite yakakosha microwave gyromagnetic material uye magnetic cladding material), bismuth oxide-doped zinc oxide varistors , bismuth-containing boundary layer high-frequency ceramic capacitors , tin-bismuth permanent magnets , bismuth titanate poda silicate crystals , bismuth-ine fusible girazi uye zvinopfuura 10 zvimwe zvinhu zvatangawo kushandiswa muindasitiri.
Kurapwa kwemishonga
Mishonga yeBismuth ine mhedzisiro yeastringency, antidiarrhea, uye kurapwa kwegastrointestinal dyspepsia. Bismuth subcarbonate, bismuth subnitrate, uye potassium bismuth subrubberate inoshandiswa kugadzira mishonga yemudumbu. Iyo astringent mhedzisiro yebismuth zvinodhaka inoshandiswa mukuvhiya kurapa kushungurudzika uye kumisa kubuda ropa. Muradiotherapy, bismuth-based alloys inoshandiswa pachinzvimbo chealuminium kugadzira ndiro dzekudzivirira varwere kudzivirira dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri kuti dzisaonekwe nemwaranzi. Nekugadzirwa kwemishonga yebismuth, zvakaonekwa kuti mimwe mishonga yebismuth ine anti-cancer madhara.
Metallurgical Additives
Kuwedzera huwandu hwebismuth kusimbi kunogona kuvandudza magadzirirwo esimbi, uye nekuwedzera huwandu hwebismuth kune inogadzika simbi inogona kuita kuti ive nemidziyo yakafanana neyesimbi isina tsvina.