Dzidza nezveBismuth

Bismuth isirivha chena kusvika kupingi simbi ine brittle uye iri nyore kupwanya. Zvimiro zvayo zvemakemikari zvinenge zvakagadzikana. Bismuth iripo mune zvakasikwa muchimiro chesimbi yemahara nemaminerari.
1. [Zvakasikwa]
Bismuth yakachena isimbi yakapfava, nepo bismuth isina kuchena ine brittle. Yakagadzikana pakamuri yekupisa. Ores yayo huru ndeye bismuthinite (Bi2S5) uye bismuth ocher (Bi2o5). Liquid bismuth inowedzera kana yasimbiswa.
Iyo ine brittle uye haina magetsi uye inopisa conductivity. Bismuth selenide uye telluride vane semiconductor zvivakwa.
Bismuth simbi ichena chena (pink) kuvhenekera yellow luster simbi, brittle uye nyore kupwanya; patembiricha yemumba, bismuth haibati neokisijeni kana mvura uye inogadzikana mumhepo. Iine urombo hwemagetsi uye kupisa conductivity; bismuth yaimboonekwa sechinhu chakanyanya kugadzikana chine huremu hwakakura hweatomu, asi muna 2003, zvakaonekwa kuti bismuth haina mwaranzi ine mwaranzi uye inogona kuwora kuita thallium-205 kuburikidza ne α kuora. Hafu yehupenyu hwayo inenge 1.9X10 ^ 19 makore, iyo inosvika bhiriyoni imwe nguva yehupenyu hwepasi rose.
2. Kushandisa
semiconductor
Semiconductor components zvakaitwa nekubatanidza high-purity bismuth ne tellurium, selenium, antimony, etc. uye kudhonza makristasi anoshandiswa kune thermocouples, yakadzika-temperature thermoelectric power generation uye thermorefrigeration. Izvo zvinoshandiswa kuunganidza air conditioners uye firiji. Artificial bismuth sulfide inogona kushandiswa kugadzira mafotoresistors mumidziyo yephotoelectric kuwedzera kunzwisiswa munharaunda inooneka.
Indasitiri yeNyukireya
Yakakwira-kuchena bismuth inoshandiswa sechinhu chinotakura kupisa kana chinotonhodza muindasitiri yenyukireya mareactor uye sechinhu chekuchengetedza atomic fission zvishandiso.
Electronic Ceramics
Bismuth-ine magetsi ceramics akadai sebismuth germanate crystals rudzi rutsva rwemakristasi anopenya anoshandiswa mukugadzira ma detectors emagetsi enyukireya, X-ray tomography scanners , electro-optics, piezoelectric lasers nemimwe midziyo; bismuth calcium vanadium (pomegranate ferrite yakakosha microwave gyromagnetic material uye magnetic cladding material), bismuth oxide-doped zinc oxide varistors , bismuth-containing boundary layer high-frequency ceramic capacitors , tin-bismuth permanent magnets , bismuth titanate poda silicate makristasi, bismuth-ine fusible glass uye zvinopfuura gumi zvimwe zvinhu zvatangawo kushandiswa mumaindasitiri.
Kurapwa kwemishonga
Mishonga yeBismuth ine mhedzisiro yeastringency, antidiarrhea, uye kurapwa kwegastrointestinal dyspepsia. Bismuth subcarbonate, bismuth subnitrate, uye potassium bismuth subrubberate inoshandiswa kugadzira mishonga yemudumbu. Iyo astringent mhedzisiro yebismuth mishonga inoshandiswa mukuvhiya kurapa kushungurudzika uye kumisa kubuda ropa. Muradiotherapy, bismuth-based alloys inoshandiswa pachinzvimbo chealuminium kugadzira ndiro dzekudzivirira varwere kudzivirira dzimwe nhengo dzemuviri kuti dzisaonekwe nemwaranzi. Nekuvandudzwa kwemishonga yebismuth, zvakaonekwa kuti mimwe mishonga yebismuth ine anti-cancer madhara.
Metallurgical Additives
Kuwedzera huwandu hwebismuth kusimbi kunogona kuvandudza magadzirirwo esimbi, uye nekuwedzera huwandu hwebismuth kune inogadzika simbi inogona kuita kuti ive nemidziyo yakafanana neyesimbi isina tsvina.